00 The Theory Map — How the Modules Fit Together 01 The Keyboard as a System 02 Major Scales, Scale Degrees, Key Signatures, and the Circle of Fifths 03 Minor Scales, Relative Keys, and Why Minor Harmony Behaves Differently 04 Triads, Inversions, and Voice Leading 05 Harmonic Function: Tonic, Predominant, Dominant, and Why Chords “Want” to Go Somewhere 06 Cadences, Phrase Structure, Harmonic Rhythm, and Hearing Musical “Punctuation” 07 Harmonizing a Melody 08 Piano Accompaniment Patterns: Turning Chords Into Music 09 Voice Leading and Chord Voicings 10 Seventh Chords: The Language of Jazz, Pop, and Richer Harmony 11 ii–V–I: The Core Progression of Jazz Harmony 12 Secondary Dominants: How to Make Chords Pull Toward Other Chords 13 Extensions: 9ths, 11ths, and 13ths 14 Diminished Chords in Practice 15 Chromatic Harmony, Borrowed Chords, and Modal Interchange 16 Improvisation from Chord Tones: How to Stop “Running Scales” 17 Melodic Decoration and Jazz Vocabulary 18 Scales and Modes for Improvisation: What to Use, When, and Why 19 Playing Melodies by Ear 20 Finding Chords by Ear 21 Reharmonization: Changing the Chords Without Losing the Song 22 Chord Substitution: Different Chords, Same Job 23 Intros, Fills, Turnarounds, Transitions, and Endings 24 Jazz Ballad Style: Turning Harmony Into a Complete Piano Sound 25 Blues: Form, Language, and Piano Vocabulary 26 Pop Piano: Simple Harmony, Strong Arrangement 27 Waltz and Classical-Style Accompaniment 28 Latin and Bossa Nova Piano: Rhythm First, Harmony Second 29 Counterpoint and Independent Voices 30 Melodic Transformation: Changing the Tune Without Losing It 31 Meter and Rhythmic Transformation 32 Build Your Own Arrangement from Scratch 00 From Lead Sheet to Musical Freedom — the Workshop Map 01 Workshop 1 — Build a Real Arrangement from Level 1 to Level 16 02 Workshop 2 — “Autumn Leaves”: ii–V–I, Circle Motion, Minor Resolution, and Real Jazz Language 03 Workshop 3 — I–vi–ii–V: Turnarounds, Standards, and Making Four Chords Do a Lot 04 Workshop 4 — “Fly Me to the Moon”: Long Circle Motion, Major/Minor Centers, and Making the Harmony Sing 05 Workshop 5 — 12-Bar Jazz Blues: From Three Chords to a Full Improvisational Language 06 Workshop 6 — “All the Things You Are”: Moving Through Multiple Key Centers Without Getting Lost 07 Workshop 7 — “Misty”: Lush Ballad Voicings, Melody-as-Extension, Rubato, and Harmonic Restraint 08 Workshop 8 — “There Will Never Be Another You”: Faster Changes, Secondary Dominants, and Thinking in Harmonic Flow 09 Workshop 9 — “Take the A Train”: Dominant Color, ♯11, Secondary Dominants, and Writing Lines Through Static Harmony 10 Workshop 10 — “My Funny Valentine”: Minor Color, Suspensions, Descending Bass, and Reharmonizing Emotion 11 Workshop 11 — “Body and Soul”: Chromatic Harmony, Delayed Resolution, and Hearing the Melody as the Top Voice of the Chords 12 Workshop 12 — “Someday My Prince Will Come”: 3/4 Jazz, Waltz Feel, Harmonic Motion, and Improvising Across Meter 13 Workshop 13 — “Blue Bossa”: Minor ii–V–i, Latin Feel, Modal Color, and Playing Simply Over Two Tonal Centers 14 Workshop 14 — “The Girl from Ipanema”: Major-Key Bossa, Chromatic Dominants, ♯11 Color, and Making a Simple Groove Sound Sophisticated 15 Workshop 15 — “Satin Doll”: Turnarounds, ii–V Chains, Dominant Movement, and Comping Like You Mean It 16 Workshop 16 — “Autumn in New York”: Chromatic Major-Key Ballad, Borrowed Chords, Secondary Dominants, and Elegant Inner-Voice Motion 17 Workshop 17 — “All of Me”: Secondary Dominants Everywhere, Turning a Simple Tune into a Functional-Harmony Laboratory 18 Workshop 18 — “Have You Met Miss Jones?”: Sudden Key Centers, Major-Third Modulations, and Staying Oriented When Harmony Jumps 19 Workshop 19 — “On Green Dolphin Street”: Modal Vamps, Pedal Points, Functional Harmony, and Switching Between Two Different Ways of Thinking 20 Workshop 20 — “I Got Rhythm” / Rhythm Changes: AABA Form, Fast Turnarounds, Dominant Chains, and Thinking One Phrase Ahead 21 Workshop 21 — “Stella by Starlight”: Ambiguous Tonal Center, Non-Diatonic Harmony, and Hearing Function Without a Comfortable Home Key 22 Workshop 22 — “There Is No Greater Love”: Major-Key Fluency, ii–V Compression, Secondary Dominants, and Making a Standard Feel Effortless 23 Workshop 23 — “Night and Day”: Pedal Tones, Chromatic Descent, Repeated Motifs, and Making One Harmonic Idea Sustain a Long Phrase 24 Workshop 24 — “My Romance”: Major-Key Lyricism, Diatonic Substitution, Deceptive Motion, and Making Simple Harmony Sound Personal 25 Workshop 25 — “My Funny Valentine”: Minor Line Clichés, Chromatic Bass, Pedal Points, and Making Tension Feel Inevitable 26 Workshop 26 — “’Round Midnight”: Chromatic Melody, Diminished Color, Altered Dominants, and Making Dissonance Sound Beautiful 27 Workshop 27 — “Nardis”: Modal Minor, Phrygian Color, Non-Functional Harmony, and Improvising When the Chords Don’t Behave Like ii–V–I 28 Workshop 28 — “So What”: Pure Modal Jazz, Quartal Voicings, Dorian Improvisation, and Building a Solo Without Chord Changes 29 Workshop 29 — “Maiden Voyage”: Sus Chords as Stable Harmony, Parallel Planing, Quartal Color, and Hearing Chords Without Major/Minor Labels 30 Workshop 30 — “Footprints”: Minor Modal Vamp, 6/4 Feel, Cross-Rhythms, and Creating Tension Without Faster Harmony 31 Workshop 31 — “Giant Steps”: Coltrane Changes, Major-Third Key Cycles, Ultra-Fast Tonal Reorientation, and Surviving Harmony That Moves Faster Than You Can Think 32 Workshop 32 — “Naima”: Pedal Points, Slash Chords, Upper-Structure Harmony, and Hearing Vertical Color Over a Stable Bass 33 Workshop 33 — “Dolphin Dance”: Ambiguous Tonal Centers, Lydian Colors, Slash Chords, and Harmony That Changes Its Meaning While You Listen 34 Workshop 34 — “Invitation”: Minor-Key Gravity, Descending Bass, Dominant Chains, and Hearing Long Harmonic Sentences 35 Workshop 35 — “Stella by Starlight”: Ambiguous Function, Deceptive Resolutions, Local Key Centers, and Navigating When the Harmony Refuses to Behave 36 Workshop 36 — “Caravan”: Phrygian-Dominant Color, Dominant Pedals, Harmonic Minor, and When a Dominant Chord Becomes the Home Sound 37 Workshop 37 — “St. Thomas”: Calypso Groove, Anticipation, Rhythmic Independence, and Making Simple Harmony Feel Sophisticated 38 Workshop 38 — “Cantaloupe Island”: Funk Vamp, Sixteenth-Note Groove, Ghosted Attacks, and Improvising Over One Chord Without Sounding Empty 39 Workshop 39 — “Watermelon Man”: Blues-Funk Vocabulary, Dominant Vamps, Riffs as Harmony, and Making Repetition Feel Inevitable Instead of Boring 40 Workshop 40 — “The Sidewinder”: Hard Bop Groove, Dominant-Blues Harmony, Riff Layering, and How to Make a Vamp Feel Like a Full Arrangement 41 Workshop 41 — “Chameleon”: One-Chord Funk, Clavinet Logic, Syncopated Ostinatos, and Building Harmony from a Bass Line 42 Workshop 42 — “Take Five”: 5/4 Meter, Asymmetric Groove, 3+2 vs 2+3 Grouping, and Improvising Without Losing the Barline 43 Workshop 43 — “Blue Rondo à la Turk”: 9/8 as 2+2+2+3, Additive Rhythm, Switching Between Odd Meter and Swing, and Keeping Form During Metric Changes 44 Workshop 44 — “Afro Blue”: 6/8, 3-Against-2, Hemiola, Polyrhythmic Independence, and Hearing Two Meters at Once 45 Workshop 45 — Afro-Cuban Piano: Son Clave, 2–3 vs 3–2, Tumbao, Montuno, and Learning to Place Every Note *Around* the Clave 46 Workshop 46 — “Spain”: Phrygian Color, Fast Latin-Jazz Motion, Sudden Key Centers, and Keeping the Groove Alive While the Harmony Moves 47 Workshop 47 — “Freedom Jazz Dance”: Displaced Accents, Motifs That Refuse the Barline, Quartal Harmony, and Making 4/4 Feel Unstable Without Changing Meter 48 Workshop 48 — “Actual Proof”: Metric Illusion, Superimposed Groupings, Advanced Syncopation, and Staying Relaxed When the Rhythm Sounds Like It Changed Meter 49 Workshop 49 — “Footprints” Revisited at the Advanced Level: 6/4, 3-over-2, Ostinato Independence, Metric Displacement, and Keeping a Groove Stable While the Phrase Floats 50 Workshop 50 — “Nefertiti”: Repetition as Development, Harmonic Motion Under a Fixed Theme, Metric Ambiguity, and Learning to Change the Background Instead of the Melody 51 Workshop 51 — “A Night in Tunisia”: Pedal Bass, Phrygian-Dominant Color, Afro-Latin Ostinato, Bebop Contrast, and Switching Musical Worlds Without Losing the Form 52 Workshop 52 — “Moanin’”: Gospel-Blues Harmony, Call-and-Response, Block Chords, Locked Hands, Riff Construction, and Building a Shout Chorus 53 Workshop 53 — “C Jam Blues”: Minimal Material, Maximum Swing, Space, Repetition, and Making Two Notes Carry an Entire Chorus 54 Workshop 54 — “Mercy, Mercy, Mercy”: Soul-Jazz Harmony, Gospel Cadences, Backbeat Feel, Repeated Hooks, and Making Simple Chords Sound Warm Instead of Plain 55 Workshop 55 — “Honeysuckle Rose”: Stride Piano, Tenths, Two-Beat Swing, Bass–Chord Independence, Walking Between Roots, and Breaking the Pattern Without Losing the Style 56 Workshop 56 — “Mack the Knife” Prelude: Walking Bass, Two-Beat-to-Four-Beat Escalation, Chorus Building, Modulation, and Making Repetition Grow 57 Workshop 57 — “Mack the Knife” Arranging Laboratory: From Two-Beat Cabaret to Swing, Walking Bass, Stride, Block Chords, Modulation, Latin, Funk, Ballad, Minor Reharm, and Full Performance Architecture 58 Workshop 58 — “The Bare Necessities” Arranging Laboratory: Swing, New Orleans, Stride, Boogie, Blues, Bossa, Funk, Waltz, Gospel, Minor Parody, and Playful Orchestration 59 Workshop 59 — Behind the Beat: Neo-Soul Pocket, Microtiming, Grace-Chord Slides, Inner-Voice Motion, and Rich Harmony Without Losing the Groove 60 Workshop 60 — “Butterfly”-Type Floating Harmony: Deep Pocket, Pedal Centers, Upper Structures, Parallel Voicings, Common-Tone Motion, and Making Harmony Feel Suspended Rather Than Functional 61 Workshop 61 — Melodic Minor as a Practical Color System: Altered Dominants, Lydian Dominant, Minor-Major Harmony, Locrian ♮2, and Choosing Tension by Destination 62 Workshop 62 — Harmonic Side-Slipping: Chromatic Planing, Approach Chords, Outside Playing, Semitone Detours, and Returning Home Without Sounding Random 63 Workshop 63 — Triad Pairs and Upper-Structure Improvisation: Getting Modern Jazz Color Without Thinking in Seven-Note Scales 64 Workshop 64 — Pentatonic Superimposition: One Five-Note Shape, Many Harmonic Meanings, Modern “Outside” Color, and Improvising Without Sounding Like a Scale Exercise 65 Workshop 65 — Motivic Development Across Harmony: Sequence, Inversion, Fragmentation, Rhythmic Mutation, and Making One Small Idea Survive an Entire Form 66 Workshop 66 — Melodic Development Through Guide Tones: Making 3rds and 7ths Sing, Connecting Chords Horizontally, and Building Lines That Explain the Harmony 67 Workshop 67 — Bass-Line Reharmonization: Creating New Harmony by Designing the Bass First 68 Workshop 68 — Harmonic Rhythm as an Arranging Tool: When Chords Change, When They Don’t, and How to Create Momentum Without Adding More Harmony 69 Workshop 69 — Chord-Melody Architecture: Four-Way Close, Drop-2, Block Chords, Melody on Top, Inner-Voice Logic, and Turning a Single Line into a Piano “Section” 70 Workshop 70 — From Lead Sheet to Full Solo-Piano Arrangement: Melody First, Bass Second, Inner Voices Third, Chord Symbols Last 71 Workshop 71 — Countermelody and Inner-Line Arranging: Writing a Second Voice That Supports the Tune Without Fighting It 72 Workshop 72 — Orchestral Thinking at the Piano: Register, Density, Doubling, Texture Rotation, and Making Two Hands Sound Like an Ensemble 73 Workshop 73 — Transitional Harmony and “Glue Chords”: Connecting Sections Smoothly Without Over-Reharmonizing 74 Workshop 74 — Rhythmic Reharmonization: Keeping the Chords but Changing Their Placement, Anticipation, Delay, Pedal, Syncopation, and Groove Identity 75 Workshop 75 — Intervallic Improvisation: Fourths, Fifths, Wide Leaps, Octave Displacement, and Making Modern Lines Sing Without Losing the Harmony 76 Workshop 76 — Long-Line Improvisation and Phrase Architecture: Breathing Across Bar Lines, Building 4–8 Bar Ideas, Delaying Resolution, and Making a Solo Tell a Story 77 Workshop 77 — Playing *Through* Changes Instead of *On* Changes: Harmonic Landmarks, Guide-Tone Networks, Common-Tone Paths, and Hearing the Form Ahead 78 Workshop 78 — Upper-Structure Voice Leading in Motion: Keeping Rich Extensions Smooth Across Chords Instead of Treating Each Voicing as a Separate Shape 79 Workshop 79 — Harmonic Density vs. Melodic Freedom: How Much Harmony Is Enough, When to Leave Space, and How to Avoid “Over-Explaining” Every Note 80 Workshop 80 — Harmonic Ambiguity and Delayed Identity: Sus Chords, No-3rd Voicings, Slash Chords, Pedals, and Letting the Listener Discover the Harmony 81 Workshop 81 — Polychords and Bitonal Hearing: Two Harmonic Worlds at Once, Upper Structure vs. True Polychord, Controlled Clashes, and Making “Wrong” Chords Sound Intentional 82 Workshop 82 — Symmetrical Harmony and Harmonic Geometry: Diminished Cycles, Augmented Triads, Whole-Tone Motion, Major-Third Systems, and Escaping Ordinary Tonal Gravity 83 Workshop 83 — Voice-Leading Reharmonization: Building New Chords from Melodic Lines Instead of Substitution Lists 84 Workshop 84 — Modulation Architecture: Pivot Chords, Direct Modulation, Common-Tone Modulation, Sequential Modulation, and Making Key Changes Feel Inevitable 85 Workshop 85 — Extending the Form: Intros, Interludes, Turnarounds, Tags, Vamps, Codas, and Writing New Material That Still Belongs to the Song 86 Workshop 86 — Through-Composed Solo Piano: Escaping “Head–Solo–Head,” Connecting Sections Without Resetting, and Making the Entire Performance One Continuous Narrative 87 Workshop 87 — Harmonic Rhythm as Narrative: Accelerating, Decelerating, Delaying, and Reframing Chord Changes to Shape Form 88 Workshop 88 — Harmonic Memory: How Earlier Chords Change the Meaning of Later Chords, How Repetition Rewrites Function, and How to Make a Listener Hear Long-Range Relationships 89 Workshop 89 — Independent Clocks at the Piano: Separating Bass Time, Chord Time, Melody Time, and Phrase Time Without Losing the Groove 90 Workshop 90 — Rhythmic Motif Development: Turning One Tiny Rhythm into a Whole Solo, Accompaniment Language, and Arrangement Identity 91 Workshop 91 — Rhythmic Counterpoint: How Two Rhythmic Ideas Can Coexist Without Becoming Clutter 92 Workshop 92 — Groove Transformation: Turning the Same Harmonic Material into Swing, Funk, Bossa, Waltz, 6/8, and Half-Time Without Losing Its Identity 93 Workshop 93 — Tempo Architecture and Rubato: Ritardando, Accelerando, Fermatas, Metric Modulation, Free Time, and Returning to Pulse Without Losing the Listener 94 Workshop 94 — Touch, Articulation, Dynamics, and Pedal as Structural Tools: Making the Same Notes Speak in Different Voices 95 Workshop 95 — Arranging by Ear from a Recording: Extracting Melody, Bass, Harmony, Groove, Texture, and Form Without Depending on a Lead Sheet 96 Workshop 96 — Real-Time Harmonization by Ear: Going from a Melody You Can Sing to a Full Piano Arrangement Without Stopping to Analyze Every Chord 97 Workshop 97 — Audiation and Inner Hearing: Hearing the Bass, Chord, Resolution, and Next Phrase Before Your Hands Play It 98 Workshop 98 — The Flexible Arrangement: Fixed Landmarks, Improvised Connective Tissue, Real-Time Decisions, and Playing the Same Arrangement Differently Every Time 99 Workshop 99 — Accompanying Another Musician: Following a Singer, Leading Without Controlling, Recovering from Unexpected Changes, and Making the Piano Behave Like a Listening Partner 100 Workshop 100 — The One-Take Arrangement: Building a Complete Performance in Real Time from Melody, Function, Form, Groove, and Ear 101 Workshop 101 — Arrangement as a Generative System: Rules, Constraints, State Changes, and How to Design a Performance That Can Recreate Itself 102 Workshop 102 — Reduction and Recomposition: Strip a Finished Arrangement to Its Musical Skeleton, Then Build a Completely Different Arrangement from the Same DNA 103 Workshop 103 — From Arrangement to Original Composition: Building a New Piece from Motif, Bass, Harmonic Function, Form, and Constraints 104 Workshop 104 — Writing Strong Original Melodies: Motif, Contour, Repetition, Tension, Climax, and How to Make a New Tune Feel Inevitable Instead of Random 105 Workshop 105 — Composing the Harmonic World Under an Original Melody: Making Chords Feel Inevitable Instead of Merely Interesting 106 Workshop 106 — Composing Bass Lines That Carry the Piece: Root Motion, Counterpoint, Groove, Inversions, Pedals, and Bass as a Source of Harmony 107 Workshop 107 — Composing Inner Voices and Counterpoint: Making the Middle of the Texture Carry Meaning Instead of Merely Filling Chords 108 Workshop 108 — Composing Form: Turning Good Phrases into a Complete Piece Through Repetition, Contrast, Return, Development, and Long-Range Memory 109 Workshop 109 — Composing Transitions, Interludes, Introductions, and Codas: How to Connect the Important Parts Without Writing “Filler” 110 Workshop 110 — Writing Development Sections: How to Take One Idea Farther Without Losing Its Identity 111 Workshop 111 — Composing Harmonic Rhythm and Pacing: How Fast the Harmony Changes, When It Stands Still, and Why Timing Can Matter More Than Chord Choice 112 Workshop 112 — Composing Texture and Register: Turning the Piano into an Ensemble, Controlling Density, and Making the Same Notes Feel Like Different Music 113 Workshop 113 — Writing Original Chord Progressions: Functional Logic, Voice-Leading Logic, Modal Logic, and How to Avoid “Chord Collection” Syndrome 114 Workshop 114 — Composing Groove and Rhythmic Identity: How to Make a Piece Move Before You Add More Notes 115 Workshop 115 — Writing Original Improvised-Sounding Lines: How to Make Composed Melodies Feel Spontaneous Without Becoming Random 116 Workshop 116 — Building a Complete Original Piece from Nothing: An Integrated Workflow from First Seed to Finished Piano Composition 117 Workshop 117 — Editing and Revising Your Own Music: How to Know What to Cut, Preserve, Simplify, Intensify, and Leave Alone 118 Workshop 118 — Memorizing Music as Structure: How to Stop Depending on Finger Memory and Learn a Piece So You Can Recover, Transpose, Reharmonize, and Play It Flexibly 119 Workshop 119 — Writing and Hearing Tension Arcs: How to Control Dissonance, Expectation, Delay, Release, and Emotional Pressure Across an Entire Piece 120 Workshop 120 — Writing Complete Endings and Cadences: How to Make a Piece Feel Finished, Suspended, Open, Circular, or Inevitable 121 Workshop 121 — Improvisation as a Composition Engine: How to Capture Spontaneous Ideas, Recognize What Is Worth Keeping, and Turn a One-Time Performance into a Real Piece 122 Workshop 122 — Building Your Personal Musical Language: How to Combine Harmony, Rhythm, Melody, Bass, Texture, and Form Without Sounding Like a Collection of Borrowed Styles 123 Workshop 123 — Composing Outside Your Comfort Zone: How to Write in Unfamiliar Keys, Modes, Meters, and Tempos Without Losing Your Musical Identity 124 Workshop 124 — Turning Your Music into a Lead Sheet and Performance Map: How to Notate Enough to Preserve the Composition Without Freezing Every Detail 125 Workshop 125 — The Final Integrated Capstone: From Empty Keyboard to Finished, Memorized, Flexible, Transposable Solo-Piano Piece 00 The Songbook — Reference Recordings 85.125 Ear Drill — turnaround or ending?
10385 / 18210 · Workshop 85 — Extending the Form: Intros, Interludes, Turnarounds, Tags, Vamps, Codas, and Writing New Material That Still Belongs to the Song ← prev ⊞ all next → 85.125 Ear Drill — turnaround or ending?Play:
C-A7-Dm-G7.
Stop at G7.
Your ear wants:
C again.
Then play:
Dm-D♭7-C6/9
with long tonic.
Hear difference:
restart expectation
versus closure.